Clinical correlates of sustained response to individual drugs used in naturalistic treatment of patients with bipolar disorder. Compr Psychiatry — Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder: effects of long-term treatments. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1 :4— Rapid versus non-rapid cycling bipolar II depression: response to venlafaxine and lithium and hypomanic risk.
Acta Psychiatr Scand 6 — A single blind comparison of lithium and lamotrigine for the treatment of bipolar II depression. Comparative prophylactic efficacy of lithium, carbamazepine, and the combination in bipolar disorder.
J Clin Psychiatry 58 11 —8. A month, double-blind, maintenance trial of lithium versus divalproex in rapid-cycling bipolar disorder. Long-term implications of early onset in bipolar disorder: data from the first participants in the systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder STEP-BD.
Biol Psychiatry 55 9 — The International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force report on pediatric bipolar disorder: Knowledge to date and directions for future research. Bipolar Disord 19 7 — Pediatrics 5 — Dosing strategies for lithium monotherapy in children and adolescents with bipolar I disorder.
J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 21 3 — Safety considerations in the psychopharmacology of pediatric bipolar disorder. Expert Opin Drug Saf 18 9 — Clin Pharmacokinet 56 1 — Risk of recurrence in women with bipolar disorder during pregnancy: prospective study of mood stabilizer discontinuation. Am J Psychiatry 12 —24; quiz Discontinuing lithium maintenance treatment in bipolar disorders: risks and implications.
Bipolar Disord 1 1 — Psychopharmacological drug utilization patterns in pregnant women with bipolar disorder - A nationwide register-based study. Lithium prescribing during pregnancy: a UK primary care database study. PLoS One 10 3 :e Curr Psychiatry Rep 21 11 Lithium during pregnancy and after delivery: a review.
Int J Bipolar Disord 6 1 N Engl J Med 23 — Maternal and infant outcomes associated with lithium use in pregnancy: an international collaborative meta-analysis of six cohort studies. Lancet Psychiatry 5 8 — Lithium dosing strategies during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Br J Psychiatry 1 —6. Changes in drug disposition of lithium during pregnancy: a retrospective observational study of patient data from two routine therapeutic drug monitoring services in Norway.
BMJ Open 7 3 :e Deligiannidis KM. Therapeutic drug monitoring in pregnant and postpartum women: recommendations for SSRIs, lamotrigine, and lithium. J Clin Psychiatry 71 5 — Ward S, Wisner KL. Collaborative management of women with bipolar disorder during pregnancy and postpartum: pharmacologic considerations.
J Midwifery Womens Health 52 1 :3— Mood stabilizers in pregnancy: a systematic review. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 44 11 — Management of bipolar disorder during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Am J Psychiatry 4 — Treatment of psychosis and mania in the postpartum period. Bipolar Disord 17 7 — Comorbid medical illness in bipolar disorder. Br J Psychiatry 6 — Medical burden in late-life bipolar and major depressive disorders. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 16 3 — Predictors of psychiatric re-hospitalization in older adults with severe mental illness.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 30 11 —9. Current psychotropic medication prescribing patterns in late-life bipolar disorder. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 32 12 — Changing prescription patterns for lithium and valproic acid in old age: shifting practice without evidence. BMJ —1. Delphi survey of maintenance lithium treatment in older adults with bipolar disorder: An ISBD task force report.
Bipolar Disord 21 2 — Clin Drug Invest 38 3 —9. Drug-induced lithium toxicity in the elderly: a population-based study. J Am Geriatr Soc 52 5 —8. The effects of lithium on renal function in older adults—a systematic review. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 25 1 — Brain lithium levels and effects on cognition and mood in geriatric bipolar disorder: a lithium-7 magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 17 1 — Lithium dosing and serum concentrations across the age spectrum: from early adulthood to the tenth decade of life. Drugs Aging 31 12 —6. Long-term effects of lithium on renal, thyroid, and parathyroid function: a retrospective analysis of laboratory data.
Lancet —8. Pharmacological and clinical problems of lithium prophylaxis. Br J Psychiatry —9. Lithium tremor. J Clin Psychiatry 56 7 —7. Lithium for acute mania. Prospective studies on a lithium cohort.
Tremor, weight gain, diarrhea, psychological complaints. Acta Psychiatr Scand 78 4 — Lithium tremor revisited: pathophysiology and treatment. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1 — Lithium toxicity profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hypercalcemia in patients with bipolar disorder treated with lithium: a cross-sectional study. Mehta N, Vannozzi R. Lithium-induced electrocardiographic changes: A complete review.
Clin Cardiol 40 12 —7. Renal effects of long-term lithium therapy in the elderly: a cross-sectional study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 23 7 — Prevalence, pathogenesis, and treatment of renal dysfunction associated with chronic lithium therapy. Am J Kidney Dis 10 5 — Systematic review and practical guideline for the prevention and management of the renal side effects of lithium therapy.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol — Lithium and chronic kidney disease. BMJ b Long-term lithium treatment in bipolar disorder: effects on glomerular filtration rate and other metabolic parameters. Int J Bipolar Disord 5 1 Judd LL. Effect of lithium on mood, cognition, and personality function in normal subjects.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 36 8 Spec No —6. Factors that affect adherence to bipolar disorder treatments: a stated-preference approach. Med Care 45 6 — CNS Drugs 34 1 — Effects of lithium on cognitive performance: a meta-analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 70 11 — Tremont G, Stern RA. Minimizing the cognitive effects of lithium therapy and electroconvulsive therapy using thyroid hormone. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 3 2 — BACE1 inhibition by microdose lithium formulation NP03 rescues memory loss and early stage amyloid neuropathology.
Transl Psychiatry 7 8 :e J Alzheimers Dis 73 2 — Disease-modifying properties of long-term lithium treatment for amnestic mild cognitive impairment: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 5 —6. JAMA Psychiatry 74 10 — Risk of dementia in bipolar disorder and the interplay of lithium: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Acta Psychiatr Scand Impact of lamotrigine and lithium on weight in obese and nonobese patients with bipolar I disorder.
Lithium intoxication: Incidence, clinical course and renal function - a population-based retrospective cohort study. J Psychopharmacol 30 10 — Life expectancy in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 17 5 —8. Excess mortality in bipolar and unipolar disorder in Sweden. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58 9 — Association between completed suicide and bipolar disorder: A systematic review of the literature.
Suicidal behaviour in bipolar disorder: risk and prevention. CNS Drugs 17 7 — Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L. Suicide risk and treatments for patients with bipolar disorder.
JAMA 11 —9. Decreased risk of suicides and attempts during long-term lithium treatment: a meta-analytic review. Bipolar Disord 8 5 Pt 2 — The suicide prevention effect of lithium: more than 20 years of evidence-a narrative review. Int J Bipolar Disord 3 1 Lower suicide risk with long-term lithium treatment in major affective illness: a meta-analysis.
Acta Psychiatr Scand 3 — Lithium and suicidal behavior in major affective disorder: a case-control study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 3 —7. Borjesson J, Gotzsche PC. Effect of lithium on suicide and mortality in mood disorders: A systematic review. Int J Risk Saf Med 30 3 — Lithium in drinking water and suicide prevention: a review of the evidence.
Int Clin Psychopharmacol 30 1 :1—5. Ahrens B, Muller-Oerlinghausen B. Does lithium exert an independent antisuicidal effect?
Pharmacopsychiatry 34 4 —6. Reasons for lithium discontinuation in men and women with bipolar disorder: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Psychiatry 18 1 Abrupt lithium discontinuation in manic-depressive patients.
Acta Psychiatr Scand 65 5 —4. Outcome after rapid vs gradual discontinuation of lithium treatment in bipolar disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50 6 — Reduced morbidity after gradual discontinuation of lithium treatment for bipolar I and II disorders: a replication study.
Am J Psychiatry 4 —3. Risk of recurrence of bipolar disorder in pregnant and nonpregnant women after discontinuing lithium maintenance. Effects of Treatment Discontinuation in Clinical Psychopharmacology. Psychother Psychosom 88 2 — Effectiveness of restarting lithium treatment after its discontinuation in bipolar I and bipolar II disorders.
Lithium-discontinuation-induced refractoriness: preliminary observations. Am J Psychiatry 12 —9. Cade JF. Lithium salts in the treatment of psychotic excitement. Bull World Health Organ 78 4 — Trends in the treatment of bipolar disorder by outpatient psychiatrists. Am J Psychiatry 6 — Keywords: bipolar disorder, lithium, efficacy, lifespan, suicidality, discontinuation.
Psychiatry The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author s and the copyright owner s are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Background Bipolar disorder BD is an episodic illness with a very heterogeneous clinical course. Lithium in Maintenance Treatment Preventing new episodes in BD is essential with regard to quality of life, participation in society and preventing long-term disability. However, a study suggested that there is a strong role for lithium first line in the treatment of mania in the elderly.
The history of lithium is an interesting study in scientific discovery and the methods scientists have used to investigate the chemical nature of mood disorders in the brain. This newer understanding of the chemical messengers in the brain responsible for mental health disorders is important in further reducing the stigma of mental health disorders.
While there is still a long way to go, and mental health still suffers more of a stigma than say heart disease, the research going on today—such as the mechanism by which lithium works—is an excellent step in the right direction. Dealing with racing thoughts? Always feeling tired? Our guide offers strategies to help you or your loved one live better with bipolar disorder. Sign up for our newsletter and get it free.
Therapeutic potential of mood stabilizers lithium and valproic acid: beyond bipolar disorder. Pharmacol Rev. Alda M. Lithium in the treatment of bipolar disorder: pharmacology and pharmacogenetics.
Mol Psychiatry. Rybakowski JK. Front Mol Neurosci. US National Library of Medicine. Lithium toxicity. Updated October Lithium in late-life mania: a systematic review. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. Gershon, S. Lithium: discovered, forgotten and rediscovered. International Network for the History of Neuropsychopharmacology.
August 15, Treatment of bipolar disorder in a lifetime perspective: is lithium still the best choice? Clin Drug Investig. Shorter E. The history of lithium therapy. Bipolar Disord. Your Privacy Rights.
To change or withdraw your consent choices for VerywellMind. At any time, you can update your settings through the "EU Privacy" link at the bottom of any page. These choices will be signaled globally to our partners and will not affect browsing data. We and our partners process data to: Actively scan device characteristics for identification. I Accept Show Purposes. PubMed doi Lieberman JA, Ogas O. Shrinks: The Untold Story of Psychiatry. Hammond WA.
A Treatise on Diseases o f t he Nervous System. New York, NY: Appleton; Schioldann JA. The Lange Theory of "Periodical Depressions. Cade JF. Lithium salts in the treatment of psychotic excitement. Med J Aust.
The treatment of manic psychoses by the administration of lithium salts. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. Johnson FN.
The History of Lithium Therapy. New York, NY: Macmillan; Gershon S, Yuwiler A. Lithium ion: a specific psychopharmacological approach to the treatment of mania. J Neuropsychiatry. Ayd FJ Jr. Maggs R. Treatment of manic illness with lithium carbonate. Br J Psychiatry. Wardell WM, Lasagna L. Regulation and Drug Development. Zivanovic O. Lithium: a classic drug-frequently discussed, but, sadly, seldom prescribed!
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. Geier M. Lithium as augmentation for major depressive disorder. Mental Health Clinician.
0コメント